Adaptasi Pembelajaran bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Inklusif

Abstract

Inclusive education is an educational approach oriented toward fulfilling the learning rights of all students without discriminatory practices, including children with special needs (CSN). The implementation of inclusive education requires adjustments in the learning process to ensure that the diversity of learners’ characteristics, abilities, and needs can be optimally accommodated. This study aims to describe various forms of educational adaptation for children with special needs within the framework of inclusive education and to identify challenges encountered in its implementation. The research employs a literature review method by examining relevant scholarly journal articles related to inclusive education and learning adaptations for CSN. The findings indicate that effective learning adaptations include curriculum modification, the application of differentiated instructional strategies, the utilization of assistive and adaptive technologies, and strengthened collaboration among teachers, parents, and professional practitioners. Nevertheless, the implementation of inclusive education continues to face several challenges, such as limited teacher competence, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and insufficient systemic support. Therefore, sustained efforts are required to strengthen the implementation of adaptive practices in inclusive education in order to achieve equitable and meaningful educational services for children with special needs.