Religious Moderation dan Culture of Peace: Konfigurasi Masyarakat Moderat dalam Perspektif UNESCO dan Pemikiran Islam Kontemporer

Abstract

This article formulates a configuration of a “moderate society” through a conceptual dialogue between the framework of religious moderation grounded in wasa?iyyah and the United Nations and UNESCO paradigm of the culture of peace. It employs a qualitative normative-conceptual approach and library research on the Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace, learning to live together initiatives, and contemporary Islamic thought on moderation, especially the works of Mohammad Hashim Kamali, Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Quraish Shihab, and recent Indonesian scholarship on religious moderation. Data are examined through qualitative content analysis and conceptual-comparative analysis to map clusters of values and trace normative convergences between the two traditions. The study identifies a strong convergence around four shared pillars: respect for human dignity, rejection of violence, commitment to inclusive justice, and dialogical engagement with difference. On this basis, it proposes a model of moderate society comprising a value foundation, institutional structures in education, religious organizations, civil society, and media, and everyday civic practices. The study concludes that religious moderation and the culture of peace function as complementary normative horizons for building a just, inclusive, and peaceful Indonesian society.