Trends In Islamic Law In The Contemporary Era: A Paradigm Shift From Classical Fiqh To Interdisciplinary Fiqh

Deden Zaenal Mutaqin; Mukhtar Latif; Kholil Syuaib; Yusrizal Amri; Robinhot; Wahyu Hidayat

doi:10.37092/el-ghiroh.v24i2.1491

Authors

Deden Zaenal Mutaqin UIN Sulthan Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi,
Mukhtar Latif UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
Kholil Syuaib UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
Yusrizal Amri UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
Robinhot UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
Wahyu Hidayat UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37092/el-ghiroh.v24i2.1491

Keywords:

Contemporary Islamic Law, Classical Fiqh, Interdisciplinary Fiqh, Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, Maṣlaḥah Mursalah

Abstract

The trend of Islamic law in responding to contemporary issues has become increasingly comprehensive and complex, in line with the historical expansion of Islamic governance across different periods. Differences in state systems, cultures, social customs, political structures, economic frameworks, and pre-existing customary laws prior to the advent of Islamic law have contributed significantly to the growing diversity of legal problems. This study aims to analyze the trend of paradigm shift in Islamic law from classical fiqh to interdisciplinary fiqh as a response to contemporary challenges. The research employs a qualitative approach through library research, utilizing a normative analytical model based on the framework of Fiqh al-Ijtih?d al-Tanz?l? as formulated by Fauzi bin Tsabit. This complexity is further intensified by the emergence of unprecedented issues (al-mas?’il al-mustajiddah) that did not exist during the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Rapid social change, technological advancement, developments in healthcare, global economic transformation, and shifting cultural patterns pose distinct challenges for mujtahids in deriving legal rulings (istinb?? al-a?k?m) for emerging issues. Moreover, the modern context is historically far removed from the Prophetic era, necessitating more adaptive and context sensitive methodological approaches. Therefore, understanding the substantive meanings of the Qur’an and the Sunnah necessitates adequate epistemological instruments. Ush?l fiqh functions as the primary methodological framework for the derivation of Islamic legal rulings. In addition, the theory of ma?la?ah mursalah has emerged as an important trend in constructing an Islamic legal system that is responsive to contemporary social realities. The limitations of classical fiqh literature in addressing modern issues have encouraged mujtahids and Islamic legal scholars to shift paradigms from a normatively deductive classical fiqh toward an integrative and contextual interdisciplinary fiqh.

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