Reconstruction of the Khiyar Ru'yah Concept in Live Commerce Transactions: A Case Study of Visual Manipulation through Digital Filters

Abstract

The live commerce phenomenon on digital platforms such as TikTok and Shopee Live has transformed the paradigm of object vision in sharia transactions through the integration of advanced camera filter technology and massive artificial lighting engineering. While offering immersive shopping interactions, the sophistication of this sensor technology creates the risk of systematic visual distortion that has the potential to trigger elements of Tadlis (fraud) and Gharar (uncertainty) regarding the physical quality of the transacted goods. This study aims to analyze the validity of digital ru'yah and formulate a reconstruction of the Khiyar Ru'yah concept to maintain its relevance to the dynamics of the contemporary cyber market. Using a juridical-empirical research method with a case and conceptual approach, data were collected through participatory observation during live broadcasts and in-depth qualitative interviews with consumers who experienced real product discrepancies. The results show that visual manipulation through camera algorithms often intentionally hides material defects, smooths rough textures, and alters the perception of the product's original color, thus substantially violating the principle of buyer consent (antaradin) in the contract. As a legal solution, this study proposes a legal reconstruction that mandates unfiltered visual transparency for a specified duration during broadcasts and urges the expansion of return policies on digital platforms in the event of significant visual inconsistencies. This affirmation of the right to vote is a crucial instrument in efforts to protect assets (hifz al-mal) and ensure justice and blessings in the digital transaction ecosystem, in accordance with the noble principles of Maqasid Sharia in the modern era.