Typology And Its Influence On The Existence Of Islamic Boarding Schools

Abstract

One of the efforts to be able to survive and exist by the times, the pesantren comes with various typologies. There are at least three typologies of pesantren that are currently developing, namely salaf, khalaf, and semi-khalaf (combination) pesantren.  The urgency of understanding pesantren typology becomes increasingly critical in facing modern challenges and efforts to optimize the existence of pesantren in the contemporary era. Challenges such as technological advances, globalization, and changes in community demands require pesantren to deeply understand their internal diversity and variation. This study aims to see the extent of the influence of typology on the existence of Islamic boarding schools. With descriptive qualitative research methods, the results show that the existence of boarding schools is influenced by several main factors, namely the role and function of boarding schools in the fields of education, and social, economic, and religious functions. The relevance of boarding school typology to the existence of boarding schools shows that each type has its advantages and challenges that affect its sustainability. Traditional boarding schools that focus on in-depth religious education continue to exist, due to strong support from the community that values the preservation of religious traditions. Modern boarding schools are easier to attract students who want religious education as well as preparation to face the challenges of the modern world. Meanwhile, combination boarding schools can survive by combining the two approaches, providing a holistic education that is relevant to the needs of the times.